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Feed-in tariffs in the United Kingdom were announced in October 2008 and took effect from April 2010.〔(Gipe, P, Britain to Launch Innovative Feed-in Tariff Program in 2010 )〕 They were entered into law by the Energy Act of 2008.〔(UK Energy Act 2008 ) Accessed 14 September 2011〕 ==Scope== The Feed-In Tariff applies to small-scale generation of electricity, paying a fixed sum for eligible technologies. Feed-in tariffs normally cover all of the energy generated, not just what is fed into the grid, though the UK scheme makes a distinction between the two.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://www.gov.uk/feed-in-tariffs/overview )〕 Electricity fed into the grid is called exported electricity, and receives a small additional export tariff, currently (June 2013) 4.5p per KWh. Costs for the programme will be borne by all British electricity consumers proportionally: all consumers will bear a slight increase in their annual bill, thus allowing electricity utilities to pay the FIT for renewable electricity generated at the rates set by the government. Payments through the mechanism are intended to replace the ROCs available through the Renewables Obligation for small-scale renewable energy generators and is based on a few key elements: * The tariff is available only to renewable sources producing up to 5 MW power. Specific rates are set for different technologies and at different scales of installation for those technologies. Generators of renewable electricity larger than 5MW remain eligible to earn Renewables Obligation Certificates within the existing Renewables Obligation quota mechanism. To prevent companies from moving large scale (for example big wind) projects from the ROCs to the Feed-in Tariff programme, a number of anti-gaming provisions have been inserted in the policy design; this should avoid the breaking up of bigger projects into several small ones, to fit within the 5 MW energy size cap. * There are several other qualification requirements〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.fitariffs.co.uk/eligible/ )〕 including: certification under the Microgeneration Certification Scheme and the REAL Code for systems up to 50 kW; the use of specific metering standards; and systems being installed no earlier than July 2009. Energy efficiency requirements were added in March 2012 for buildings fitting PV systems under FITs. * The contract term is 20 years, 25 years for solar photovoltaic projects: this means that, starting from 2010, British providers of Wind Energy, Hydropower, Energy from Biomass and Anaerobic Digestion eligible for the FiT scheme will be rewarded with a tariff rate guaranteed for the next 20 years - 25 years for Solar PV generators. * The tariff made available to generators will be subject to degression.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.fitariffs.co.uk/FITs/principles/degression/ )〕 That is, the tariff level available for new generators will decrease annually. The rate of degression will vary by renewable energy technology. The price for individual renewable energy generating plants is fixed once the plant becomes operational. * Costs for the programme will be paid by the energy suppliers. It should be expected that the suppliers will pass on the cost to their electricity customers:〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.fitariffs.co.uk/FITs/principles/funding/ )〕 consumers will bear an increase in their annual bill, thus allowing electricity utilities to pay the "Feed-in" Tariff to renewable energy generators at the rates set by the government. The government estimated that feed-in tariffs to support small-scale low-carbon generation would cost £8.6 billion up to 2030 and produce monetised carbon savings worth £0.42 billion.〔(Impact Assessment of Feed-in Tariffs for Small-Scale, Low Carbon, Electricity Generation (URN10D/536) ), February 2010〕 Feed-in-Tariff payments are Tax-free in the UK.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.h2-eco.co.uk )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Feed-in tariffs in the United Kingdom」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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